Physical Science Revision Checklist
Chapter-by-chapter revision tracker for AP SSC Class 10 Physical Science (General Science Paper I). Check off each topic as you revise it before the BSE AP public exam.
Ch. 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations — High Weight
High- Types of reactions: combination, decomposition (thermal/electrolytic/photolytic), displacement, double displacement, combustion, oxidation-reduction
- Balance chemical equations: conservation of atoms on both sides; state symbols (s), (l), (g), (aq)
- Write and balance: Mg in air, decomposition of CaCO₃, Fe in CuSO₄, precipitation of BaSO₄
- Identify oxidation and reduction in a given reaction; define reducing agent and oxidising agent
- Corrosion and rancidity — how to prevent them (galvanising, antioxidants, vacuum packaging)
Ch. 2 Acids, Bases and Salts — High Weight
High- Properties of acids and bases; reactions with metals, metal oxides, metal carbonates, metal bicarbonates
- Neutralisation reaction; dilution of acids — always add acid to water, never water to acid
- pH scale (0–14); indicators — litmus, methyl orange, phenolphthalein and colour changes
- Preparation and uses of NaOH, bleaching powder, baking soda, washing soda, plaster of paris
- Salts: neutral, acidic, basic salts; family of salts (all contain Na⁺ or Cl⁻ etc.)
Ch. 3 Metals and Non-metals — High Weight
High- Physical properties of metals vs non-metals; exceptions (graphite — conductor; iodine — lustrous)
- Reactivity series: K > Na > Ca > Mg > Al > Zn > Fe > Pb > H > Cu > Hg > Ag > Au — memorise
- Reactions of metals with oxygen, water (cold/hot/steam), dilute acids; displacement reactions
- Ionic bond formation: Na + Cl → Na⁺Cl⁻; properties of ionic compounds
- Extraction of metals: high reactivity (electrolysis), medium (reduction with carbon/CO), low (heating alone)
- Corrosion prevention: alloys, galvanising, painting, electroplating; thermite reaction application
Ch. 4 Carbon and its Compounds — Medium-High Weight
High- Carbon's covalence = 4; forms chains, branches, rings — allotropes (diamond, graphite, fullerene)
- Functional groups: −OH (alcohol), −COOH (acid), −CHO (aldehyde), −CO− (ketone), −Cl (haloalkane)
- Homologous series: differ by CH₂ (14 u); alkanes (CₙH₂ₙ₊₂), alkenes (CₙH₂ₙ), alkynes (CₙH₂ₙ₋₂)
- Reactions: combustion, addition (alkenes+H₂/Cl₂/HCl), substitution (alkanes+Cl₂ in sunlight)
- Ethanol: properties, oxidation to ethanoic acid; denatured alcohol; harmful effects
- Ethanoic acid: properties, pH < 7, esterification with ethanol; soaps and detergents (saponification)
Ch. 9 Light: Reflection and Refraction — High Weight
High- Laws of reflection; types of mirrors — plane, concave, convex; uses of each mirror type
- Mirror formula: 1/v + 1/u = 1/f; sign convention (pole as origin); magnification m = −v/u
- Refraction laws; Snell's law: n₁sinθ₁ = n₂sinθ₂; absolute refractive index n = c/v
- Lens formula: 1/v − 1/u = 1/f; power P = 1/f (metres); concave (−f), convex (+f)
- Ray diagrams for mirrors and lenses — at C, between C&F, at F, beyond F, between F & P
- Real vs virtual image; inverted vs erect; magnified vs diminished
Ch. 10 Human Eye and the Colourful World — Medium Weight
Medium- Structure of eye: cornea, iris, pupil, lens, retina, optic nerve; accommodation of the lens
- Near point = 25 cm; far point = infinity for normal eye; least distance of distinct vision
- Myopia (near-sightedness): cause, ray diagram, correction by concave lens
- Hypermetropia (far-sightedness): cause, ray diagram, correction by convex lens
- Presbyopia and cataract; bifocal lens use
- Dispersion through prism: VIBGYOR; recombination by second prism
- Scattering of light: Tyndall effect; why sky is blue, sunset is red
Ch. 11 Electricity — High Weight
High- Electric charge, current I = Q/t; potential difference V = W/Q; Ohm's law V = IR
- Resistance R = ρl/A; factors affecting resistance (length, area, material, temperature)
- Series circuit: R_total = R₁+R₂+R₃; same current; voltage divides
- Parallel circuit: 1/R = 1/R₁+1/R₂+1/R₃; same voltage; current divides
- Power P = VI = I²R = V²/R; energy E = Pt (joule); 1 kWh = 3.6×10⁶ J
- Joule's heating effect: H = I²Rt; applications (electric heater, fuse, filament bulb)
- Electric fuse: protects circuit from overloading; MCB (miniature circuit breaker)
Ch. 12 Magnetic Effects of Current — Medium-High Weight
High- Magnetic field around a straight wire: right-hand thumb rule; direction depends on current direction
- Solenoid: behaves like a bar magnet; field inside is uniform; ends act as N and S poles
- Electromagnet: iron core inside solenoid; used in electric bell, crane, MRI
- Force on current in magnetic field: Fleming's Left-Hand Rule (motor effect)
- Electromagnetic induction: changing B induces EMF; Fleming's Right-Hand Rule (generator effect)
- AC generator vs DC generator; AC in India = 220 V, 50 Hz
- Transformer: step-up (N_s > N_p), step-down (N_s < N_p); V_s/V_p = N_s/N_p