NCERT SolutionsClass 10 English Language & Literature
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NCERT Solutions
Class 10 English Language & Literature

10 chapters · 40 important questions

Ch 1

A Letter to God (First Flight)

A short story about a farmer named Lencho whose crop is destroyed by hail. His unshakeable faith in God leads him to write a letter asking for 100 pesos. The story explores themes of faith, human kindness, and irony.

Key Topics

Lencho's faith in GodTheme of ironyHuman kindness vs ingratitudeCharacter sketch of Lencho

Important Questions

Q1

What did Lencho mean when he said the raindrops were like 'new coins'?

Short Answer2M
Q2

Why did the postmaster decide to send money to Lencho? What does this tell us about him?

Long Answer3M
Q3

How did Lencho react when he counted the money? Was he justified?

Long Answer3M
Q4

What is the central theme of 'A Letter to God'?

Long Answer3M
Ch 2

Nelson Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom

An excerpt from Mandela's autobiography describing his inauguration as South Africa's first black president. The text explores themes of freedom, democracy, and the struggle against apartheid.

Key Topics

Apartheid and struggle for freedomInauguration speech themesTwin obligationsCourage and fear — redefining braveryCharacter of Mandela

Important Questions

Q1

What does Mandela mean by 'twin obligations'?

Short Answer2M
Q2

How does Mandela define courage? Do you agree with his definition?

Long Answer3M
Q3

Describe the change in South Africa that Mandela witnessed during the inauguration.

Long Answer3M
Q4

What, according to Mandela, is the greatest wealth of his country?

Short Answer2M
Ch 3

Two Stories about Flying

Consists of two stories: 'His First Flight' (a young seagull overcomes his fear of flying) and 'Black Aeroplane' (a mysterious black aeroplane guides a pilot through storm clouds). Themes of courage and mystery.

Key Topics

His First Flight: overcoming fear, encouragementBlack Aeroplane: mystery, trust, identity of the pilotThemes: courage, faith, the unknown

Important Questions

Q1

How did the young seagull overcome his fear of flying?

Long Answer3M
Q2

Who do you think helped the pilot in 'Black Aeroplane'? Support your answer.

Long Answer3M
Q3

What is the central theme of 'His First Flight'?

Short Answer2M
Q4

Describe the pilot's experience when he encountered the storm.

Long Answer3M
Ch 4

From the Diary of Anne Frank

An excerpt from Anne Frank's diary where she describes her loneliness, her relationship with her parents, and why she began writing her diary. Themes of isolation, self-expression, and the value of friendship.

Key Topics

Anne's loneliness and self-reflectionWhy she started writing her diaryRelationship with parentsTheme of self-expression and friendship

Important Questions

Q1

Why did Anne want to keep a diary? Was Kitty a real friend?

Long Answer3M
Q2

What did Anne Frank think about keeping a diary?

Short Answer2M
Q3

How does Anne describe her relationship with her parents?

Long Answer3M
Q4

Why do you think Anne gave names to her diaries?

Short Answer2M
Ch 5

The Hundred Dresses – I & II

A two-part story about Wanda Petronski, a Polish girl who is teased about wearing the same dress every day. She claims to have a hundred dresses at home. The story deals with bullying, guilt, and empathy.

Key Topics

Bullying and its effectsGuilt and realisation of Maddie and PeggyWanda's dignityTheme of tolerance and kindness

Important Questions

Q1

Why did Maddie feel guilty about the way Wanda had been treated?

Long Answer3M
Q2

How did Wanda Petronski show her kindness to Maddie and Peggy?

Long Answer3M
Q3

What is the significance of the title 'The Hundred Dresses'?

Short Answer2M
Q4

Do you think Peggy was a bully? Give reasons.

Long Answer3M
Ch 6

Glimpses of India

Three short pieces — 'A Baker from Goa', 'Coorg', and 'Tea from Assam'. Each describes a different aspect of Indian culture and regional identity. Descriptive writing style is key.

Key Topics

Bakers of Goa: Portuguese influence, traditionCoorg: geography, culture, peopleTea from Assam: tea garden life, legend of tea

Important Questions

Q1

Why does the author associate the figure of the baker with childhood memories?

Long Answer3M
Q2

What makes Coorg unique according to the author?

Long Answer3M
Q3

What is the legend behind the origin of tea in Assam?

Short Answer2M
Q4

How does the author describe the life of people in a tea garden?

Long Answer3M
Ch 7

Mijbil the Otter

Gavin Maxwell brings home an otter named Mijbil from Mesopotamia. The story describes Mijbil's playful nature, his journey to England, and Maxwell's bond with him. A delightful narrative about pet-keeping.

Key Topics

Characteristics of Mijbil the otterJourney to EnglandMijbil's games and intelligenceBond between humans and animals

Important Questions

Q1

What games did Mijbil invent for himself? What do they tell us about otters?

Long Answer3M
Q2

How did Maxwell ensure Mijbil's comfort during the flight to England?

Long Answer3M
Q3

Why do you think Gavin Maxwell decided to keep Mijbil as a pet?

Short Answer2M
Q4

Describe the otter's behaviour in the hotel room when first let out of the box.

Long Answer3M
Ch 8

Madam Rides the Bus

Eight-year-old Valli saves money to ride the bus to town. Her first bus journey is an adventure, but she also witnesses death (a calf hit by a vehicle) that changes her perspective on life.

Key Topics

Valli's curiosity and determinationThe bus journey as symbol of growing upEncounter with death: the calfIrony of joy turning to sadness

Important Questions

Q1

How did Valli save money for the bus ride? What does this tell us about her?

Long Answer3M
Q2

How did the sight of the dead calf affect Valli?

Long Answer3M
Q3

What did Valli see on the road that changed her mood on the return journey?

Short Answer2M
Q4

Describe Valli's first bus ride. What did she experience?

Long Answer3M
Ch 9

The Sermon at Benares

Describes how the Buddha dealt with a grieving mother (Kisa Gotami) whose child had died. By asking her to bring mustard seeds from a house where no death had occurred, he taught her about universal suffering.

Key Topics

Kisa Gotami's grief and lessonBuddha's method of teachingUniversal truth: death is inevitableTheme of acceptance and grief

Important Questions

Q1

Why did the Buddha ask Kisa Gotami to bring mustard seeds from a home that had not known death?

Long Answer3M
Q2

What lesson did Kisa Gotami learn from the Buddha?

Long Answer3M
Q3

What is the central message of 'The Sermon at Benares'?

Short Answer2M
Q4

How is sorrow described in the sermon? What is the 'way of peace'?

Long Answer3M
Ch 10

The Proposal (Play)

A one-act comedy by Chekhov about a quarrelsome marriage proposal. Lomov comes to propose to Natalya but they keep arguing about trivial matters. Themes of social status, marriage, and human nature.

Key Topics

Comic elements in the playCharacter sketches: Lomov, Natalya, ChubukovTheme of social status and marriageIrony and satire

Important Questions

Q1

Describe the character of Lomov. Is he a suitable match for Natalya?

Long Answer3M
Q2

What were the two main arguments between Lomov and Natalya?

Long Answer3M
Q3

What is the significance of the title 'The Proposal'?

Short Answer2M
Q4

How does Chekhov use humour to make a social comment in 'The Proposal'?

Long Answer3M