Important Diagrams
Every must-draw diagram for Class 10 Science. For each diagram: exactly what to label, how many marks it carries, and how frequently it appears in board exams.
Science (10 diagrams)
Light — Reflection and Refraction
Ray diagram — concave mirror (object beyond C)
What to label
Draw for multiple object positions: beyond C, at C, between F and C, at F, between P and F.
Light — Reflection and Refraction
Ray diagram — convex lens (object beyond 2F)
What to label
Convex lens: RICE mnemonic for rays — Ray through centre is undeviated; Ray parallel to axis passes through focus after refraction.
Electricity
Electric circuit diagram (series and parallel)
What to label
Ammeter has low resistance — always placed in series. Voltmeter has high resistance — always placed in parallel.
Light — Reflection and Refraction
Refraction through glass slab
What to label
Emergent ray is parallel to incident ray but displaced sideways (lateral displacement).
Life Processes
Human digestive system
What to label
Show where each enzyme acts: saliva in mouth, gastric juice in stomach, bile from liver + pancreatic juice in small intestine.
Life Processes
Structure of human heart
What to label
Remember: Pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood FROM heart to lungs. Pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood TO heart from lungs.
Control and Coordination
Structure of a neuron
What to label
Impulse direction: dendrites → cell body → axon → axon terminal. Never reverse.
Control and Coordination
Reflex arc
What to label
Reflex arc bypasses the brain — response happens through spinal cord. Show this explicitly in the diagram.
Life Processes
Cross-section of a leaf
What to label
Photosynthesis mainly in palisade mesophyll (more chloroplasts). Stomata mostly on lower surface.
Life Processes
Human excretory system
What to label