Physics — Important Diagrams
Diagrams that appear most frequently in the TS Inter 2nd Year Physics board exam — organised by unit with labelling notes. Practise drawing each one from memory. Paper: 60 marks · 3 hours.
Optics
1.
Concave mirror — real inverted image— object beyond C → image between F and C
2.
Concave mirror — virtual erect image— object between F and P → image behind mirror
3.
Convex mirror — virtual image formation— image always virtual, erect, diminished
4.
Refraction at convex/concave spherical surface— show normal, angle of incidence, refraction
5.
Thin converging lens — image at 2F, beyond 2F, at infinity— three separate ray diagrams
6.
Compound microscope— two lenses, label objective, eyepiece, intermediate image, final image
7.
Astronomical telescope (refracting)— label fo, fe, parallel rays from object at infinity
8.
Dispersion by prism — spectrum— violet refracted most, red least — VIBGYOR
9.
Young's double slit setup— S1, S2, screen D, fringe width β
Electricity & Magnetism
1.
Electric field lines for point charges (+, −, dipole)— field lines start on + and end on −
2.
Parallel plate capacitor with dielectric— label E, d, dielectric slab, area A
3.
Wheatstone bridge— label P, Q, R, S, G (galvanometer), battery
4.
Meter bridge circuit— label wire AB, jockey, cell, galvanometer
5.
Potentiometer — EMF comparison circuit— label primary cell, rheostat, driver cell, jockey
6.
Biot-Savart law — circular coil field— circular coil, centre O, field B at centre
7.
Moving coil galvanometer internal diagram— label coil, magnet poles, spring, pointer
8.
Moving charges in magnetic field — circular path— r = mv/qB, show centripetal force
Electromagnetic Induction & AC
1.
AC generator diagram— coil, magnets, slip rings, brushes, external load
2.
Transformer — step-up and step-down— primary Np, secondary Ns, core, lamination
3.
LCR series circuit— label R, L, C, AC source, phase diagram
4.
Resonance curve — LCR— peak at ω₀, bandwidth, Q-factor
Modern Physics
1.
Photoelectric effect setup— photocathode, anode, light source, ammeter, stopping voltage
2.
Bohr model — electron orbits— n=1,2,3 orbits, nucleus, transition arrows
3.
p-n junction diode — depletion region— forward bias and reverse bias two diagrams
4.
Full-wave bridge rectifier circuit— 4 diodes, load resistor, waveform output
5.
Common-emitter transistor amplifier— label base, emitter, collector, VCC, VBB, RC
6.
Logic gate symbols — AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR— with truth table for each